•Interference with absorption, transport and rapid loss
- absorption is impaired and the
metabolic demands increase during
diarrhoea, respiratory infections,
measles and other diseases
Ocular signs and symptoms
Classification of Xerophthalmia by eye (ocular) signs
•Night blindness (XN)
•Conjunctival xerosis (XIA)
•Bitot’s spots (XIB)
•Corneal xerosis (X2)
•Corneal ulceration / keratomalacia < 1/3
corneal surface (X3A)
•Corneal ulceration/keratomalacia ≥ 1/3
corneal surface (X3B)
•Corneal scar (XS)
•Xerophthalmic fundus (XF)
Prevalence criteria (in percentage of preschool-age population, 6 months to 6 years old, at risk) for determining the public health significance of Xerophthalmia and Vitamin A தேபிசிஎன்சி
CRITERIA
•Night blindness (XN) in > 1.0%
•Bitot’s spots (XIB) in > 0.5%
•Corneal xerosis / Corneal ulceration /
keratomalacia (X2/X3A/X3B) in > 0.01 %
•Corneal scar (XS) in > 0.05 %
•Plasma vitamin A of <0.35> 5.0%
Programme guidelines
•HSC wise 6 -60 months children to be listed.
•Meetings to be conducted for ICDS workers and field health functionaries
•PHC MOs should be thoroughly ஒரிஎண்டேது
•Vitamin A solution should be administered by preparing a schedule spread over two weeks
Camp I - May
Camp II - November
•Mothers should be educated about malnutrition, Vitamin. A deficiency, night blindness and consumption of Vit. A rich foods.
Oral dosage of Vitamin.A
•6 - 12 months - 100,000 IU ( 1 ml )
•1 - 5 years - 200,000 IU ( 2ml )
Programme guidelines
•One dose of Vitamin A solution(1 ml) should be administered to 6-12 months child.
•One dose of Vitamin A solution (2 ml) should be administered to 12-60 months children once in 6 months.
•One dose of Vitamin A solution (2 ml) should be administered to the postnatal mothers two weeks after delivery to cover the children in the age group of under 6 months
•Ensure 100 % administration of Vitamin A solution.
Treatment of Vitamin A deficiency கசெஸ்
•All children suffering from vitamin A deficiency must be administered a single oral dose of 200, 000 IU of vitamin .A immediately on diagnoses
•Repeat the dose one month later
Measles
Children suffering from measles should be given one dose of Vitamin A and repeated with another dose after 24 hours
Risk Mangement
•Sick children should not be administered Vitamin . A. Such children can be given Vitamin .A after recovery from illness
•Opened bottle should be used within one month time
•Vitamin. A should be stored in cool and dark place
•Used bottles should not be reused for storing or dispensing any other item
